While food allergies are often associated with childhood, new data reveals a concerning rise in adult-onset food-induced anaphylaxis. A study conducted by the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology analyzed emergency room visits over the past decade and found a 35% increase in anaphylaxis cases among adults, with shellfish, peanuts, and tree nuts being the most common triggers.
Unlike children, who often outgrow allergies to milk or eggs, adult-onset allergies tend to persist. Researchers are investigating potential causes, including changes in dietary habits, environmental factors, and microbiome alterations. One theory suggests that reduced exposure to certain allergens in early adulthood may lead to sensitization later in life. Another hypothesis points to the role of processed foods and additives in disrupting immune tolerance.
The study also highlighted disparities in diagnosis and treatment. Many adults experiencing their first anaphylactic reaction delay seeking medical help, mistaking symptoms for a severe flu or panic attack. This delay can be fatal, as epinephrine must be administered promptly to prevent complications.
To address this issue, allergists are advocating for greater awareness campaigns targeting adults. They recommend that individuals with unexplained allergic reactions—such as sudden hives, throat tightness, or dizziness after eating—undergo comprehensive allergy testing. Additionally, adults diagnosed with food allergies should always carry an epinephrine auto-injector and wear medical alert identification.
Public health initiatives are also being developed to improve food labeling and restaurant safety protocols. Some countries are now requiring allergen menus in dining establishments, while others are exploring legislation to ensure emergency epinephrine access in public spaces.
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